A Review of Transition Metal Nitride-Based Catalysts for Electrochemical Nitrogen Reduction to Ammonia

Electrochemical nitrogen reduction (NRR) has attracted much attention as a promising technique to produce ammonia at ambient conditions in an environmentally benign and less energy-consuming manner compared the current Haber–Bosch process. However, even though research on NRR catalysts been conducted, their low selectivity reaction rate still hinder practical application of Among various catalysts, transition metal nitride (TMN)-based are expected be for NRR. This is because process can proceed via unique Mars–Van Krevelen (MvK) mechanism with compressed competing hydrogen evolution reaction. controversial issue exists regarding origin produced TMN-based catalysts. The instability lead generation from lattice instead supplied N2 gas. Thus, this review summarizes recent progress NRR, encompassing mechanism, synthetic routes, characterizations, opinions. Furthermore, future perspectives producing electrochemically using provided.